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Functional Analysismath.FAIS-MM-fourier-minor
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Principal minors of Fourier matrices at square-free order: the Caragea–Lee–Malikiosis–Pfander lifting hypothesis, decided at 452 splits

Abstract

Let F_N=(ω_Nⁱʲ)_(0 ≤ i,j<N) with ω_N=e^(-2π i/N). A conjecture recorded by Caragea, Lee, Malikiosis and Pfander asserts that all principal minors of F_N are non-zero precisely when N is square-free. Their lifting theorem reduces the order N=pn, p prime, to a statement in characteristic p about the smaller matrix Fₙ; the hypothesis of that theorem is the finite condition p ∤ N_(ℚ(ζₙ)/ℚ)(det(ζₙⁱʲ)_(i,j ∈ S)) for every S ⊆ Zn(n). We decide this hypothesis at 452 splits N=pn: at the eleven moduli n ∈ {3,5,6,7,11,13,17,19,21,22,23} for every prime p ≤ 59, and at the three further moduli n ∈ {10,14,15} for every prime p ≤ 499. Of these, 384 certify the hypothesis and 68 refute it. Together with the split (89,11) and three splits certified in the weaker, per-prime-ideal form of the hypothesis, the positive ones settle 368 square-free orders, of which 215 are orders for which we know no published proof; the smallest are 154, 187, 209, 221, 238, 247, 253, 255, 266, 286. Among the consequences: every order N=pq with distinct primes p,q ≤ 23 is settled, which answers a question of Caragea–Lee–Malikiosis–Pfander in that range, the last undecided case being N=253=11 · 23; the first of their four published "bad pairs", (11,89), is not an obstruction at the level of principal minors and settles N=979; and the route settles no square-free order with four prime factors below 870, each such order being either out of reach or explicitly refuted. The certification is carried out entirely over the prime field 𝔽ₚ, by replacing ℤ[ζₙ]/(p) with its regular representation, so that no field extension, primitive root or irreducibility test enters. All statements are machine-checked in Lean 4.

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Archived files

  1. Version 2 · current (opens in a new tab)

    Source snapshot 2026-08-30 15:34 UTC

    File fingerprint85ff2f841a450335ecba0fd15a9c811d4dfc09645ba7e20b2b87296147f9dc23

Claim ledger

Stated results

40 entries
fmin-01routine2026-08-23

F₇0: the CLMP lifting hypothesis holds at (p, N') = (7, 10)

fmin-02routine2026-08-23

F₁43: the hypothesis holds at (13, 11)

fmin-03candidate2026-08-23

F₁43 again through the split (11, 13), which Gu does not use

fmin-04candidate2026-08-23

the six three-factor orders 130, 154, 170, 190, 238, 255

fmin-05candidate2026-08-23

the four two-prime orders 187 = 11*17, 209 = 11*19, 221 = 13*17, 247 = 13*19

fmin-06candidate2026-08-23

the lifting route provably fails at (7,15), (11,10), (11,15), (13,14), (13,15), with counts 30, 240, 1080, 210, 60

fmin-07candidate2026-08-23

named first witnesses for the five failures

fmin-08routine2026-08-23

N' = 6: the hypothesis holds at every prime 5 <= p <= 59

fmin-09known2026-08-23

N' = 10: the whole row of primes p <= 59 – 12 orders settled, 3 refuted

fmin-10candidate2026-08-23

N' = 11: the whole row – 14 settled, 2 refuted

fmin-11candidate2026-08-23

N' = 13: the whole row – 12 settled, 4 refuted

fmin-12candidate2026-08-23

N' = 14: the whole row – 9 settled, 6 refuted

fmin-13candidate2026-08-23

N' = 15: the whole row – 6 settled, 9 refuted

fmin-14known2026-08-23

negative control, kernel-clean over C: if p² divides N then F_N has a zero principal minor

fmin-15routine2026-08-23

control: a known-good order can have a failing route (70 via (5,14), 30 via (3,10))

fmin-16known2026-08-23

control: the checker detects singularity, and every cyclotomic constant is derived and verified

fmin-17known2026-08-23

control: the four known-good positive anchors 30, 42, 66, 78 (= 6p) reproduced one at a time; five more (22, 55, 77, 26, 91) appear inside the n=11/n=13 sweep rows

fmin-18candidate2026-08-30

N = 210: the norm hypothesis (H) fails at all four splits, with named witnesses, and the four are all of them

fmin-19candidate2026-08-30

N = 210: the per-prime hypothesis (H') fails at all four splits too, with witnesses covering every prime of Z[zeta_N'] above p

fmin-20candidate2026-08-30

(H') holds where (H) fails, at (29,13) and (59,15): the orders 377 = 13*29 and 885 = 3*5*59, from the bases 13 and 15 that no fixed-base classification covers

fmin-27known2026-08-30

(H') at (31,10): N = 310 re-derived, and Wang-Zhang's two safe charts recovered as the roots of a polynomial

fmin-21routine2026-08-30

control: (H) and (H') are genuinely different, in both directions

fmin-22routine2026-08-30

the affine-orbit reduction (CLMP prop:affinenorminvariance) implemented, and checked against the exhaustive engine at 73 splits

fmin-23candidate2026-08-30

the two parked moduli run: N = 357 = 3*7*17 via (17,21) and N = 682 = 2*11*31 via (31,22)

fmin-24known2026-08-30

N' = 10 above the old prime bound: every prime 61 <= p <= 499 passes, 78 orders 610... 4990

fmin-25candidate2026-08-30

N' = 14 above the old prime bound (no fixed-base classification exists for base 14): 69 settled, 9 refuted (71, 83, 113, 127, 197, 281, 379, 421, 491), 69 new orders 854... 6986

fmin-26candidate2026-08-30

N' = 15 above the old prime bound (no fixed-base classification exists for base 15): 68 settled, 10 refuted (61, 79, 89, 151, 181, 211, 241, 271, 331, 421), 68 new orders 1005... 7485

fmin-28routine2026-08-30

the affine-orbit sweep made bitset-free and complement-folded: a local canonicity test replaces the 2ⁿ "seen" array, and CLMP prop:unitarycomplementarity folds each complementary orbit pair into its lighter member

fmin-29candidate2026-08-30

N = 253 = 11*23: the CLMP lifting hypothesis holds at (11,23), the only split available, since (23,11) is one of the family's landed refutations

fmin-30candidate2026-08-30

the base 23 swept whole at every prime p <= 59: 13 settled, 3 refuted; ten orders 253, 391, 437, 667, 713, 851, 943, 989, 1219, 1357 that no published theorem reaches

fmin-31candidate2026-08-30

named witnesses for the three base-23 failures, and at p = 47 the complete answer in size 3: 0,1,3 fails while the other three affine orbits of 3-subsets of Z₂3 do not

fmin-32candidate2026-08-30

the base 21 swept whole at every prime p <= 59: 5 settled, 10 refuted; four new three-factor orders 483, 987, 1113, 1239, with five named witnesses

fmin-33candidate2026-08-30

the base 22 swept whole at every prime p <= 59: 11 settled, 4 refuted; nine new three-factor orders 286, 374, 418, 638, 814, 902, 1034, 1166, 1298, with four named witnesses

fmin-34candidate2026-08-30

the base 17, which this family had never run, swept whole at every prime p <= 59: 14 settled, 2 refuted; ten new orders 323, 391, 493, 527, 629, 697, 731, 799, 901, 1003

fmin-35candidate2026-08-30

the base 19, which this family had never run, swept whole at every prime p <= 59: 11 settled, 5 refuted; nine new orders 323, 437, 551, 589, 779, 817, 893, 1007, 1121

fmin-36candidate2026-08-30

the divisor rule accounts for one of the ten base-21 failures and two of the four base-22 ones, and nothing else: below p = 60 the bases 3 and 5 never fail, 7 fails only at p = 2, 11 only at p = 3, 23

fmin-37candidate2026-08-30

every square-free order N = pq with p, q distinct ODD primes <= 23 is settled — all 28 such pairs, nine of them by exactly one of the two directions (label clarified 2026-08-30: "all 28 pairs" is the 28 pairs with both primes odd, which is what TwoPrime.lean decides; the eight remaining orders 2q, q <= 23 odd, are CLMP Thm 1.3 instances and are not decided by this row, so "every pq with p, q <= 23" is 36 orders = 28 here + 8 cited)

fmin-38candidate2026-08-30

CLMP's four published "bad pairs" tested at the principal-minor level: (11,89) is not an obstruction and settles the new order N = 979 = 11*89; (13,53), (17,953), (19,457) are obstructions

fmin-39measurement2026-08-30

what decides whether the route works is the splitting type of the characteristic, not its size: the failure rate is monotone in g = phi(n)/ordₙ(p), the number of primes of Z[zetaₙ] above p — an inert characteristic fails in 4 of 238 cells (1.7%), a totally split one in 40 of 71 (56%), and at the base 15 the README's question is actually about, all nine totally split primes below 500 fail, 9 for 9

This ledger entry is reported in prose and is not bound to a Lean theorem.
fmin-40candidate2026-08-30

the lifting route fails at (11,30), (13,30), (17,30), (19,30), (23,30) — the only reachable splits of the four-factor orders 330, 390, 510, 570, 690 — with named witnesses; with the landed (7,30) that is six for six at the base 30, and no square-free order with four prime factors below 870 is settled by this route: each of the TWELVE such orders 210, 330, 390, 462, 510, 546, 570, 690, 714, 770, 798, 858 is either unreachable (no base under 2⁴2 masks) or refuted. Label corrected 2026-08-30: Base30.lean's docstring listed only eleven, omitting 770 = 2*5*7*11; 770's splits are (2,385), (5,154), (7,110), (11,70), smallest base 70, so it joins the unreachable group and the conclusion is unchanged. The Lean asserts the five base-30 refutations only; the completeness over all twelve orders is a prose claim, checked by hand.

Provenance

Generated by
Machina Mathematica
Released by
Korea Superintelligence Labs
Source context
Conjecture (Caragea–Lee; Cabrelli–Molter–Negreira; stated as Conjecture 1.2 of arXiv:2505.24326):
Snapshot
2026-09-07 03:53 UTC
Ledger commit
801848d7